Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus: a literature review about available theoretical models
B. A. B. Souza Filho, É. F. Tritany, K. R. Gutiérrez, M. A. N. Lima, C. J. Struchiner
Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, 2025
Objective: Identify and describe the theoretical models, dimensions, concepts, constructs, variables and/or risk factors related to intra-household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Methods: This is an integrative review, using the VHL and PubMed databases. The search strategy was developed according to the PVO technique and descriptors combined with Boolean operators were used. Available studies, published from 2019 to 2023, were included. The Cabrera Arana typology was used to identify the level of use and depth of use of theoretical models.
Results: 54 articles were included. Only 5 (9%) reported the use of theoretical models and those that included, used and described in depth - Levels 3 (n=1) and 4 (n=4). The main dimensions reported were sociodemographic; clinic; epidemiological; family and individual exposure to COVID; the characteristics of COVID infection and symptoms; and related to the characteristics of the households.
Conclusions: The study analyzes theoretical models and the main dimensions, concepts, constructs and variables of intra-household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A deeper understanding of these theoretical aspects will allow for a more grounded approach to research development, preventive strategies and decision-making in public health.